A GFCI circuit breaker is designed to detect what?

The function of a GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) circuit breaker is to detect current leaks to ground. This is crucial for safety because ground faults can lead to electrical shocks or fires if not addressed promptly. When it identifies an imbalance between the outgoing current and the incoming current—indicating that some current is escaping to the ground—the GFCI quickly interrupts the circuit, cutting off the electrical supply to prevent harm.

This mechanism specifically focuses on preventing injury from shock hazards that can occur when a person inadvertently becomes part of the circuit due to a fault. The rapid response of a GFCI in such scenarios illustrates its importance in ensuring electrical safety, particularly in wet environments such as bathrooms and kitchens, where the risk of electric shock is higher.